suffix forming almost all Modern English plural nouns, gradually extended in Middle English from Old English -as, the nominative plural and accusative plural ending of certain 'strong' masculine nouns (cf. dæg 'day,' nominative/accusative plural dagas 'days'). The commonest Germanic declension, traceable back to the original PIE inflection system, it is also the source of the Dutch -s plurals and (by rhotacism) Scandinavian -r plurals (e.g. Swedish dagar).

Much more uniform today than originally; Old English also had a numerous category of 'weak' nouns that formed their plurals in -an, and other strong nouns that formed plurals with -u. Quirk and Wrenn, in their Old English grammar, estimate that 45 percent of the nouns a student will encounter will be masculine, nearly four-fifths of them with genitive singular -es and nominative/accusative plural in -as. Less than half, but still the largest chunk.

The triumphs of -'s possessives and -s plurals represent common patterns in language: using only a handful of suffixes to do many jobs (e.g. -ing), and the most common variant squeezing out the competition. To further muddy the waters, it's been extended in slang since 1936 to singulars (e.g. ducks, sweets, babes) as an affectionate or diminutive suffix.

Old English single-syllable collectives (sheep, folk) as well as weights, measures, and units of time did not use -s. The use of it in these cases began in Middle English, but the older custom is preserved in many traditional dialects (ten pound of butter; more than seven year ago; etc.).

Copies a string. These versions of strcpy, wcscpy, _mbscpy have security enhancements, as described in Security Features in the CRT.

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Important

_mbscpy_s and _mbscpy_s_l cannot be used in applications that execute in the Windows Runtime. For more information, see CRT functions not supported in Universal Windows Platform apps.

Syntax

Parameters

dest
Location of the destination string buffer.

dest_size
Size of the destination string buffer in char units for narrow and multi-byte functions, and wchar_t units for wide functions. This value must be greater than zero and not greater than RSIZE_MAX.

src
Null-terminated source string buffer.

locale
Locale to use.

Return Value

Zero if successful; otherwise, an error.

Error Conditions

Remarks

The strcpy_s function copies the contents in the address of src, including the terminating null character, to the location that's specified by dest. The destination string must be large enough to hold the source string and its terminating null character. The behavior of strcpy_s is undefined if the source and destination strings overlap.

wcscpy_s is the wide-character version of strcpy_s, and _mbscpy_s is the multibyte-character version. The arguments of wcscpy_s are wide-character strings; those of _mbscpy_s and _mbscpy_s_l are multibyte-character strings. These functions behave identically otherwise. _mbscpy_s_l is identical to _mbscpy_s except that it uses the locale parameter passed in instead of the current locale. For more information, see Locale.

If dest or src is a null pointer, or if the destination string size dest_size is too small, the invalid parameter handler is invoked, as described in Parameter Validation. If execution is allowed to continue, these functions return EINVAL and set errno to EINVAL when dest or src is a null pointer, and they return ERANGE and set errno to ERANGE when the destination string is too small.

Upon successful execution, the destination string is always null-terminated.

In C++, use of these functions is simplified by template overloads that can infer buffer length automatically so that you don't have to specify a size argument, and they can automatically replace older, less-secure functions with their newer, more secure counterparts. For more information, see Secure Template Overloads.

The debug library versions of these functions first fill the buffer with 0xFE. To disable this behavior, use _CrtSetDebugFillThreshold.

Generic-Text Routine Mappings

Requirements

These functions are Microsoft-specific. For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility.

Example

Unlike production quality code, this sample calls the secure string functions without checking for errors:

When building C++ code, the template versions may be easier to use.

See also

String Manipulation
strcat, wcscat, _mbscat, _mbscat_l
strcmp, wcscmp, _mbscmp, _mbscmp_l
strncat_s, _strncat_s_l, wcsncat_s, _wcsncat_s_l, _mbsncat_s, _mbsncat_s_l
strncmp, wcsncmp, _mbsncmp, _mbsncmp_l
strncpy_s, _strncpy_s_l, wcsncpy_s, _wcsncpy_s_l, _mbsncpy_s, _mbsncpy_s_l
_strnicmp, _wcsnicmp, _mbsnicmp, _strnicmp_l, _wcsnicmp_l, _mbsnicmp_l
strrchr, wcsrchr, _mbsrchr, _mbsrchr_l
strspn, wcsspn, _mbsspn, _mbsspn_l